Critically Assessing Human Factors And The Impacts On...

Introduction â€Å"Risk reduction programmes supported by clinical audit always improve patient care outcomes† is an arguable statement. This report will expand and explore this judgment by critically analysing human factors and the impacts on health care, describing structured approaches to risk management, determining ethical and legal parameters of clinical risk management and analysing and debating the merits and shortfalls of clinical risk reduction strategies. Methods Multiple search engines were used to source credible information for this report, including the AUT Library, Medline and Google Scholar. These databases enabled access to a vast range of journals, articles, publications and e-books. Selections were based predominantly†¦show more content†¦The concept of clinical governance arose in the late 1990’s, following inexcusable incidents of medical malpractice. These incidents were key indicators to health professionals and the public that standards were not being up held and as result patients were being put in undue danger (Stonehouse, 2013). Although these incidents were dealt with accordingly, risks will always remain apparent, thus making clinical governance an issue to be embraced and fully employed by individuals and organisations. The chief components of clinical governance include; clinical risk, policies and procedures, patient information, clinical audit, clinical effectiveness, research and development, complaints , quality improvements, performance monitoring and training and development (Patel, 2010). These elements interlink and strive towards improving overall patient care. Every patient has a right to quality standardised care and it is therefore every member of staff’s responsibility to work towards ensuring continuous provision (Som, 2011). Clinical Audit Clinical auditing is one of the most essential components encompassed under the clinical governance umbrella. It is defined as a quality enhancement process that seeks to improve patient care and outcomes through systemic review critiqued against a specific criteria with allowance for implementation of change (Gillam Siriwardena, 2013). The most commonly utilised audit is the standard based audit. This

The Hemorrage in the Democratic Party - 624 Words

Due to the lack of Congressional response of both Republican and Democrats alike, stagflation and globalization, coupled with the Tech boom and the shipment of manufacturing jobs overseas, aided in the demise of a once robust labor union. Financial deregulation, another nemesis of the labor unions caused major taxpayer losses due to the Federal Reserves fraud and perpetuated greed during the Savings and Loan debacle. This crisis was the result of lax government oversight and a fraudulent ponzi scheme which some would link to the undervalued American dollar. Congressional legislation at this time aimed more for increasing inflation and cutting taxes for the extremely rich than focusing on what should have been the main priority: increasing manufacturing, reducing importation, and labor union employment. Representation in Congress is one of the problems Labor Unions have always faced. They were in need of a political maven with a force to be reckoned with that sometimes have more pull than the pressures of voters. In a Pew study taken a few years ago, they looked at the sources of many reporters who wrote stories about America’s economy. Of course Congressmen were often quoted and were subsequently the go to to get up to date information on passed legislation concerning the economy. The issue with this, Pew found, is that â€Å"representatives of organized labor unions were sources in only 2 percent of all the economy stories studied.† (Drum 2011) â€Å"Congress is completely

Marketing Analysis Sports Marketing Essay - 2388 Words

Executive summary Sports marketing are one of the most vital uses in the field of marketing nowadays. Many companies have a trend to use sports and sports celebrity in developing their marketing campaign because they have the ability to influence others and they already are role models for a wide share of consumers in the marketplace. So, companies benefit from their popularity and reputation for its brand awareness. Especially some companies in the food and beverages industry which are concentrated on the marketing campaign and make a huge number of expenditure and its budget. Pepsi have many product lines, it introduces a product line for soda which includes many versions such as Pepsi, Mirnda, Seven Up, and other version of Mirinda like Orange and Apple. The second product line is related to the juice. The third category is related to Aquafina mineral water. There are width of every line and versions for every product. 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Body Image of Women Essay Example For Students

Body Image of Women Essay Body Image of WomenEleven million women in the United States suffer from eating disorders- either self-induced semi-starvation (anorexia nervosa) or a cycle of bingeing and purging with laxatives, self-induced vomiting, or excessive exercise (bulimia nervosa) (Dunn, 1992). Many eating disorder specialists agree that chronic dieting is a direct consequence of the social pressure on American females to achieve a nearly impossible thinness. The media has been denounced for upholding and perhaps even creating the emaciated standard of beauty by which females are taught from childhood to judge the worth of their own bodies (Stephens Hill, 1994). To explore the broader context of this controversial issue, this paper draws upon several aspects on how the media influences young womens body image. This paper examines an exploration of the prevalence and the source of body dissatisfaction in American females and considers existing research that presents several important aspects regarding the nature of the connection between advertising and body dissatisfaction. From these distinctions, it will be shown that the media has a large impact on womens body image and that the cultural ideal of a thin body is detrimental to the American females body perception that often results in poor eating pathologies. Body image can be defined as an individuals subjective concept of his or her physical appearance. Body image involves both a perceptual and attitudinal element. The self-perceptual component consists of what an individual sees or thinks in body size, shape, and appearance. A disturbance in the perceptual element of body image is generally reflected in a distorted perception of body size, shape, and appearance. The attitudinal component reflects how we feel about those attributes and how the feelings motivate certain behavior (Shaw Waller, 1995). Disturbances in the attitudinal element usually result in dissatisfaction with body appearance (Monteath McCabe, 1997). Perceptions about body images are shaped from a variety of experiences and begin to develop in early childhood. It has been shown that children learn to favor thin body shapes by the time they enter school (Cohn Adler, 1992). Gustafson, Larsen, and Terry (1992) reported that 60.3 percent of fourth grade girls wanted to be thinner, and the desire for less body fat was significantly associated with an increase occurrence of weight-loss related behaviors. Overall body size and image concerns have been reported to be more prevalent among females than males. Gender related differences in acceptable body size are shaped from a variety of societal definitions of appealing shapes for males and females. Patterns of body dissatisfaction formed in childhood and adolescence persist into adulthood and are most prevalent in females. In their study, Fallon and Rozin (1985) reported that college women perceive their figure to be heavier than the figure they identified as the most attractive to themselves (Lavine, Sweeney, Wagener, 1999). Females experience a large discrepancy with food. On one hand, food is depicted as a reward or indulgence, or as a way of socializing. On the other hand, women are supposed to be fit and thin, which is difficult to accomplish if females indulge in the large repertoire of food (Stuhldreher William, 1999). The diet-obsessive mind of advertising in many womens magazines provides a sharp contrast to the hedonistic view toward food. In several magazines, even the food advertisements focus more on dieting than on quality of food. Thus there are clear and quite strict limits on the degree to which American females may attempt to satisfy their hedonistic impulses toward food (Lennon, Lillethun, Backland, 1999). Societal standards of beauty change dramatically over time. Today the body ideal is to be thin. However, this has not always been the case. .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f , .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .postImageUrl , .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f , .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f:hover , .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f:visited , .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f:active { border:0!important; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f:active , .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u573e97e3aeec141cb830208ad33bf00f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mental Illness Essay In the 19th century large women were thought of as the image of beauty. The body ideal in the 1920s was similar to that of today, which is thin (Brumberg, 1988). However, this look was achieved through the use of clothing styles and fashion. Then in the 1950s, more voluptuous figures were the ideal. Since that time the ideal body shape for women has become more and more slender (Borzekowski, Robinson, Killen, 2000). Unfortunately, for many people the ideal thin body is nearly impossible to achieve. This makes women